Mental Health in Global Public Health Perspective: A Literature Review

Abstract

Mental health is an essential component of global health, significantly impacting individual well-being, productivity, and societal functioning. This study examines mental health from a global public health perspective, focusing on the challenges and opportunities in integrating mental health services into global health policies. The literature review highlights the increasing global burden of mental disorders, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, with rising rates of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Vulnerable populations, including children, adolescents, refugees, and individuals in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), are disproportionately affected. Social determinants such as economic instability, stigma, and discrimination exacerbate the mental health burden. Strategic approaches, including integrating mental health services into primary health systems, using digital technologies like telemedicine, and adopting community-based interventions, are identified as key solutions to improving mental health access and reducing stigma. However, challenges such as limited resources, weak policy coordination, and societal stigma remain. A multidisciplinary approach, incorporating cross-sector collaboration and culturally relevant interventions, is essential for addressing the global mental health crisis and improving outcomes across diverse populations.