Evaluation of the Impact of Social Assistance Programs on Poverty Alleviation in Indonesia

Abstract

Poverty in Indonesia is a complex and multifaceted problem that requires a comprehensive and integrated approach to address it. Although Indonesia has made significant progress in reducing poverty, poverty still affects a large portion of the population, especially in remote and less developed areas. This study aims to evaluate the impact of social assistance programs, such as the Family Hope Program (PKH), Direct Cash Assistance (BLT), and Non-Cash Food Assistance (BPNT) in poverty alleviation in Indonesia. Using a qualitative approach, this study collected data through online interviews and virtual Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) involving 50 respondents, including social assistance recipients and related stakeholders. The results show that although these programs have had a positive impact on improving economic welfare, access to social services, and changing recipients' mindsets, there are still challenges related to sustainability and inequality of access in remote areas. Although social assistance helps increase household income and facilitates access to education and health, respondents expressed concerns about the temporary nature of assistance and its impact that is not significant enough in the long term. In addition, there is a need to improve infrastructure and economic empowerment programs to ensure the sustainability and long-term effectiveness of these programs. The study concludes that while social assistance programs have an important role in reducing poverty, increasing sustainability through economic empowerment and infrastructure development is essential to achieving more equitable and sustainable outcomes.